What a Surprise!
9. SınıfReported speech, narrative tenses, past perfect, surprising events, storytelling
1. Reported Speech (Dolaylı Anlatım)
📌 Tense Backshift (Zaman Geriye Kayması)
Reporting verb geçmişte ise (said, told, asked) zamanlar geriye kayar.
| Direct Speech | Reported Speech | Kural |
|---|---|---|
| "I am surprised." | She said she was surprised. | am/is/are → was/were |
| "He works here." | She said he worked there. | present simple → past simple |
| "We will come." | They said they would come. | will → would |
| "I have seen it." | She said she had seen it. | present perfect → past perfect |
| "I was working." | He said he had been working. | past cont. → past perfect cont. |
| "I can help." | She said she could help. | can → could |
| "You must come." | She said I had to come. | must → had to |
📌 Time & Place Changes
| Direct | Reported |
|---|---|
| now | then / at that moment |
| today | that day |
| yesterday | the day before / the previous day |
| tomorrow | the next day / the following day |
| here | there |
| this | that |
| last week | the previous week |
📌 Reporting Questions
Yes/No questions → if / whether
"Are you coming?" → She asked if I was coming.
Wh- questions → wh-word + subject + verb (normal word order)
"Where do you live?" → She asked where I lived.
📌 Reporting Verbs (beyond "said/told")
| Verb | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
| warn | warn + obj + not to | She warned me not to be late. |
| advise | advise + obj + to | He advised her to apply. |
| suggest | suggest + -ing | She suggested going early. |
| admit | admit + -ing | He admitted taking it. |
| Verb | Structure | Example |
|---|---|---|
| promise | promise + to | She promised to call. |
| refuse | refuse + to | He refused to comment. |
| deny | deny + -ing | She denied taking the money. |
| urge | urge + obj + to | They urged us to act. |
2. Narrative Tenses — Hikâye Zamanları
| Tense | Use in Narrative | Example |
|---|---|---|
| Past Simple | Ana olayları anlatır (sıralı) | She opened the door and saw a stranger. |
| Past Continuous | Arka plan / süregelen eylem | It was raining when she arrived. |
| Past Perfect | Ana olaydan daha önce olan | She realised she had forgotten her keys. |
| Past Perfect Continuous | Daha önce başlayıp süren | He had been waiting for two hours when she finally called. |
✏️ Example Narrative Paragraph
It was a normal Tuesday evening. I was sitting at home, reading a book, when suddenly the doorbell rang. I hadn't been expecting anyone. When I opened the door, I gasped — it was my best friend, who I hadn't seen since she had moved to Canada three years earlier. She had decided to surprise me. I couldn't believe it.
📌 Useful Narrative Language
First / Then / After that / Finally / Eventually / Suddenly / All of a sudden
At that moment / Just then / Meanwhile / By the time / As soon as / Once
I couldn't believe... / To my surprise... / Much to my amazement... / Unexpectedly...
In the end / Looking back / It turned out that... / The whole experience...
3. Reading: A Surprise Reunion
Last spring, I was walking through the Grand Bazaar in Istanbul when someone called my name. I turned around and, to my astonishment, I saw my primary school teacher, Mr Ayhan, whom I hadn't seen in over twelve years.
He told me that he had retired from teaching two years earlier and had been travelling ever since. He said that he had always wanted to revisit the bazaar because he had first come there as a child with his father. He admitted that he sometimes missed teaching but added that travelling had given him a new lease of life.
We had been chatting for nearly an hour when he suggested going for tea. "I never expected to see a former student here," he said, laughing. It was truly one of those moments that reminded me how small the world is.
❓ Grammar Analysis
- Find a Past Continuous used for background. → "was walking" / "had been chatting"
- Find a Past Perfect showing prior action. → "hadn't seen" / "had retired" / "had first come"
- Find an example of reported speech. → "He told me that he had retired..."
- Find a reporting verb other than "said". → admitted, suggested, added
Unit Test
Binlerce Soru9. Sınıf Konuları
Tüm KonularTest Hakkında
- 81 soruluk havuz
- Her testte rastgele sorular
- Anında geri bildirim
- MC, True/False