School Life
10. SınıfSchool vocabulary, expressing opinions about education, present perfect continuous, used to vs would
1. School & Education Vocabulary
| Word / Phrase | Türkçe | Example |
|---|---|---|
| curriculum | müfredat | The curriculum includes arts and sciences. |
| extracurricular | ders dışı | She joins extracurricular activities. |
| compulsory / optional | zorunlu / seçmeli | Physics is compulsory; art is optional. |
| academic achievement | akademik başarı | He is proud of his academic achievements. |
| peer pressure | akran baskısı | Peer pressure can be harmful. |
| tutor / mentor | özel öğretmen / akıl hocası | She has a maths tutor. |
| deadline | son teslim tarihi | The essay deadline is Friday. |
| attendance | devam / katılım | Attendance is compulsory. |
| Word / Phrase | Türkçe | Example |
|---|---|---|
| semester / term | dönem | The spring semester ends in June. |
| assessment / evaluation | değerlendirme | Continuous assessment replaces exams. |
| plagiarism | intihal | Plagiarism leads to serious consequences. |
| critical thinking | eleştirel düşünme | Schools should develop critical thinking. |
| rote learning | ezber öğrenme | Rote learning is less effective than understanding. |
| vocational training | mesleki eğitim | Vocational training offers practical skills. |
| dropout | okul terki | The dropout rate has decreased. |
| literacy / numeracy | okur-yazarlık / sayısal okuryazarlık | Digital literacy is essential today. |
2. Present Perfect Continuous
📌 Form: have/has + been + verb-ing
Kullanım 1: Geçmişte başlayıp hâlâ devam eden eylem (süreç vurgusu)
Kullanım 2: Yakın geçmişte biten ve sonucu görülen eylem (yorgunluk, terleme vb.)
| Present Perfect Simple | Present Perfect Continuous | Fark |
|---|---|---|
| I have read three chapters. (tamamlandı) | I have been reading for three hours. (süreç) | PP Simple = sonuç | PP Continuous = süreç |
| She has written two essays. | She has been writing since this morning. | Kaç tane = Simple | Ne kadar süredir = Continuous |
| He has studied hard. (genel) | He has been studying non-stop. (süregelen) | Durum fiilleri (know, like) Continuous olmaz |
💬 Examples in School Context
- We have been preparing for the exam all week.
- She has been attending extra classes since September.
- He looks tired — he has been studying all night.
- The teacher has been marking essays since this morning.
3. Used to / Would — Past Habits & States
| Structure | Use | Example | Türkçe |
|---|---|---|---|
| used to + base | Geçmiş alışkanlık VEYA durum (artık değil) | I used to walk to school every day. | Eskiden ... yapardım (artık yapmıyorum) |
| would + base | Geçmiş tekrarlanan eylemler (durumlar için OLMAZ) | We would play football after school. | ...yapardık (tekrar) |
| be/get used to + -ing | Bir şeye alışmak / alışkın olmak | I am used to studying late. | ...'a alışkınım |
⚠️ Key Differences
| ✅ I used to be shy at school. (past state → OK) | ❌ I would be shy. (durum fiili → OLMAZ) |
| ✅ She used to live near the school. (past state → OK) | ❌ She would live near the school. (OLMAZ) |
| ✅ We would stay after class to study. (repeated action) | ✅ We used to stay after class. (both OK for habits) |
4. Reading: Has Education Changed?
My grandmother used to walk five kilometres to school every morning. She would sit in rows and memorise facts by heart — rote learning used to be the dominant method. She would never have dared to question a teacher.
Education has been changing dramatically over the past few decades. Today, students have been growing up in a world where information is instantly accessible. Critical thinking, creativity and collaboration have become more valued than memorisation.
Yet challenges remain. Students have been facing increasing pressure from competitive university entrance systems. Many argue that the curriculum has not kept pace with the demands of the 21st century. In my opinion, education should develop the whole person, not just produce exam results. The more we focus on curiosity, the better our students will become.
❓ Grammar Analysis
- Find two "used to" examples. → "used to walk" / "used to be"
- Find a "would" for past habit. → "would sit" / "would never have dared"
- Find three Present Perfect Continuous forms. → has been changing / have been growing up / have been facing
- Find an opinion expression. → "In my opinion, education should..."
Unit Test
Binlerce Soru10. Sınıf Konuları
Tüm KonularTest Hakkında
- 143 soruluk havuz
- Her testte rastgele sorular
- Anında geri bildirim
- MC, True/False